What is Placenta Previa?
Placenta previa is a condition that can happen during pregnancy. In this condition, the placenta sits low in the uterus and covers part or all of the cervix. The placenta is an organ that gives your baby food and oxygen. Usually, it attaches higher up in the uterus. However, with placenta previa, it blocks the opening to the birth canal. This can cause problems during pregnancy and delivery. Placenta previa is rare, but it needs careful care from your doctor.
Symptoms of Placenta Previa
Placenta previa can cause some clear signs. Most women notice painless, bright red bleeding from the vagina. This often happens in the second or third trimester. Sometimes, the bleeding may stop and start again. In many cases, there is no pain. However, some women may feel mild cramps. Not all women with placenta previa have symptoms. Yet, if you see any of these signs, you should call your doctor right away.
Causes and Risk Factors
Doctors are not always sure why placenta previa happens. Still, some factors can raise your risk. For example, if you have had placenta previa before, your chances are higher. Also, women who have had more than one baby are at greater risk. Other risk factors include:
Knowing these risks can help you and your doctor watch for signs early.
How Placenta Previa is Diagnosed
Doctors use special tests to find placenta previa. Most often, they use an ultrasound. This test uses sound waves to make pictures of your baby and placenta. Sometimes, placenta previa is found during a routine checkup. If you have bleeding, your doctor may do an ultrasound right away. In rare cases, a doctor may use a vaginal ultrasound for a clearer view. Blood tests may also be done to check your health. Early diagnosis helps keep you and your baby safe.
Treatment Options for Placenta Previa
Treatment depends on how far along you are and how much you are bleeding. If you have little or no bleeding, your doctor may suggest rest and regular checkups. However, if you have heavy bleeding, you may need to stay in the hospital. In some cases, you may need a blood transfusion. Most women with placenta previa will need a C-section to deliver their baby safely. Your doctor will make a plan that is best for you and your baby.
Lifestyle Tips and Precautions
With placenta previa, you can take steps to stay safe. First, avoid heavy lifting and strenuous exercise. Also, do not have sex if your doctor says it is unsafe. Always follow your doctor’s advice. If you have bleeding, call your doctor or go to the hospital right away. Eating healthy foods and getting enough rest can help you and your baby stay strong. Remember, regular checkups are very important.
Prevention and When to Seek Help
There is no sure way to prevent placenta previa. However, you can lower your risk by not smoking and by getting good prenatal care. If you have had a C-section or other risk factors, tell your doctor early in your pregnancy. Always seek help if you have vaginal bleeding, especially after 20 weeks. Quick action can protect you and your baby. The World Health Organization and CDC recommend regular checkups for all pregnant women.
If you have questions or concerns about placenta previa, consult a healthcare specialist at Sri Lakshmi Hospital for personalized advice.